The Lunula

The lunula (Latin for "little moon") is the whitish, half-moon-shaped area at the base of the fingernail, representing the visible portion of the underlying nail matrix.

Terry's Nails

Terry's nails are a clinical sign characterised by the majority of the fingernail appearing white or "ground glass" in colour, with a thin red or brown band at the tip and no visible lunula.

Paronychia

Paronychia is a common, often painful infection or inflammation of the skin around fingernails or toenails.

Nail Clubbing

Nail clubbing is a structural deformity of the fingertips or toes characterized by swelling of the soft tissue and increased curvature of the nail plate.

Koilonychia

Koilonychia, commonly known as spoon nails, is a nail disease characterized by thin, brittle, and abnormally concave (inward-curving) nails.

Beau's Lines

Beau's lines are horizontal, depressed ridges or dents running across fingernails or toenails.

Mees' Lines

Mees' lines are transverse, non-blanching white bands that cross the entire nail, caused by abnormalities in the nail matrix.